Būyids or Buwayhids (N, W, S Persia; Iraq), 320-454 / 932-1062

The Būyid (or Buwayhid) dynasty ruled parts of northern, western, and southern Persia as well as Iraq from 932 to 1062 CE. They were a Shia Iranian dynasty that played a key role in the weakening of the Abbasid Caliphate, establishing their own authority while allowing the caliphs to remain as figureheads. The Būyids are known for their patronage of arts and culture and for fostering a Persian renaissance in the Islamic world.